Research Skills
When you set out to find out more information about anything, whether it is for a written report or not, you need to be careful about sources. As the amount information in the world increases exponentially, so does the amount of misinformation. This is particularly true for the World Wide Web, which does not currently have a system in place to screen for credibility, accuracy or quality: anyone can post a web page. However, even print sources such as books, magazines, and newspapers are not immune to the hazard of perpetuating inaccurate or outright false information (for examples, see Wikipedia's article about the book "Arming America: The Origins of a National Gun Culture" or an article from The New York Times about fraudulent reporter Jayson Blair).

There are several things you need to think about when you are deciding if a source of information is credible:

bullet

Authority: Who wrote the article or book? What qualifies that author to be an authority on the subject? Does s/he have credentials that can be verified? (Read about John Gray, the author of Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus, and Columbia Pacific University for an example.) If the author does not have educational credentials, what experiences has s/he had that qualifies her to speak about that topic? Can those experiences be verified? (Read The Smoking Gun's report about James Frey, the author of A Million Little Pieces for an example.)

bullet

Objectivity: Supposing that the author is an authority on the subject, does he have a vested interest in the issue that may cause the information in your source to be biased? Does the source provide opposing viewpoints so that more than one position on the issue may be understood by the reader, or does it endorse one position without acknowledging opposing viewpoints?

bullet

Variety: Does the source incorporate multiple sources of information to discuss its topic? (Check the bibliography to see.)

bullet

Age: When was the source published? Newer, more accurate information may be available if the source is a few years old.

bullet

Validity & Reliability: If your are reading about results of a research study, were the results derived from research methods that were valid (methods that measure what they're supposed to measure) and reliable (methods that measure the same thing the same way every single time). Validity and reliability of research methods can be crucial to how seriously the conclusions of the study should be taken. Always look for information about sample sizes (larger is better), and be wary of studies that don't report them.

For information about evaluating sources, visit:

Duke University Libraries: Evaluating Resources
Duke University's Libraries: Research Guide

Cuesta College: Critically Evaluating the Logic and Validity of Information
Purdue University Online Writing Lab: Evaluating Sources

The World Wide Web Virtual Library's Evaluation of Information Sources Database

For information about using Database Search Engines, click:

EbscoHost's Help Link
EbscoHost Help

Villanova's EbscoHost guide
ProQuest's Quick Reference Guide
ProQuest's Training Overview
WilsonWeb tutorial
WilsonWeb's Quick Reference Guide

Using the MSTC Library

Back Home Contact Me